Business Productivity Tools

Excel – Copying Formulas

© Mike Splane 2006

 

When you enter a formula into a cell you see the formula in the “formula bar” above the worksheet. If the formula also appears in the cell, you are in “mirror” view. If the formula does not appear in the cell, you are in “flashcard” view. Switch between the two views by simultaneously pressing CTRL and ~ on the keyboard. Do this exercise in mirror view. 

 

Excel automatically alters cell references when a formula is copied into a new cell. The goal of this exercise is to learn how this process works.

 

Each cell reference has two parts, a row number and a column letter. A cell reference with two dollar signs, called an Absolute Cell Reference, won’t change at all when the formula is copied: =$C$4. A cell reference with one dollar sign, called a Mixed Cell reference, stops the symbol following the dollar sign from changing: If the formula is written as =C$4 only the C can change, if written =$C4 only the 4 can change. If the formula contains no dollar signs, called a Relative cell Reference, then both parts of the cell reference can chance: =C4.

 

Instructions:

Assume each formula from the first column of this table was entered into cell F6 (start with =B2, then =B2 + C2, etc).

The cell references will change when each formula in cell F6 is copied into cells F7, G6, and G7. 

Record your predictions for what the new formula will look like in the rows where it says My Prediction.

Do this for each formula. Now, test your predictions.

Enter each formula into cell F6 and then copy the formula into cells F7, G6, and G7 and record the results.

Continue until you have tested all 8 formulas.

Compare your prediction to what actually happened when the formula was copied.

Try to figure out the rules for how cell references change when formulas are copied.

 

Predict what will happen if the formula in Cell F6 is copied into:

A different row?

Try Cell F7

A different column?

Try Cell G6

A different row and column? Try Cell G7

= B2

My Prediction

= B2

 

 

What Excel Did

= B3

 

 

= B2 + C2

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did

 

 

 

= B2 + B3

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did

 

 

 

= $B2 +$B3

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did

 

 

 

= B$2

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did

 

 

 

= $B2

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did

 

 

 

= B$2 + C$2

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did

 

 

 

= $B$2

My Prediction

 

 

 

What Excel Did